The 21st Century COE Program Mechanical Systems Innovation MIS
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Micro energy conversion system ―Development of innovative mobile power sources―
Innovative Miniature Gas Turbine
Toshio Nagashima, Professor
Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Just as we presently enjoy a lap-top computer and cell phones for personal use, our ubiquitous society in the near future would ensure individual management of energy devices for electricity, air conditioning and transport, which all in all could profoundly expand the freedom of our social activities. The battery, though convenient and good in specific output [W/kg], is not satisfactory with respect to specific energy [W-hr/kg] for longer use of the above mobile info-communication devices, not to mention about inadequate application for actuating robots and UAV propulsion. Whilst, the fuel cells, typically DMFC and PEFC, are able to keep continuing use for a longer period, but their specific output may be poor and unsuitable for mobile compactness. Internal combustion engines, which are good in both specific output and energy because of fuel chemical property, are advantageous for miniaturization.
The present research program aims to establish a technical data base for designing further extremes of miniature gas turbine system, that is, thermal, fluid dynamic and structural integrability, as well as the performance prediction and improvement in major components like compressor, turbine and combustor, in addition, newly a wave rotor, that requires more precise and advanced knowledge about non-adiabatic and low Re number flows, fuels and mixing to result in stable micro flame, bearings and seal to sustain over-million rpm rotation, manufacture tolerance, ultra-compact motor and electric generator.
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Prototyping of a Very Smallsized Radial Gas Turbine
Chisachi KatoChisachi Kato, Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering

A very small-sized radial gas turbine that installs a several-mm impeller has ten to hundred times greater power as well as energy density than batteries and fuel cells and is therefore expected as a promising candidate for next-generation portable power source for lap-top computers and cell phones. We are developing a very small-sized and high-efficiency radial turbine impeller, one of the key components for such a power source. The shape of the turbine must be restricted to two-dimensional when it is fabricated with MEMS. But, little is known regarding the aerodynamics of a two-dimensional radial turbine. As the first step, we are prototyping radial turbines with 40 mm impeller and measuring their adiabatic efficiencies by air test (figure 2). We are also developing 8 mm radial turbine as shown in figure 3.
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